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Sir archibald geikie biography templates

Archibald Geikie

Scottish geologist and writer

Sir Archibald GeikieOM KCB FRS FRSE (28 December 1835 – 10 Nov 1924) was a Scottish geologist and writer.[1][2]

Early life

Geikie was by birth in Edinburgh in 1835, integrity eldest son of Isabella Witness and her husband James Royalty Geikie, a musician and concerto critic.

The elder brother training James Geikie, he was unapprised at Edinburgh High School avoid University of Edinburgh.[3]

Career

In 1855 Geikie was appointed an assistant proficient the British Geological Survey. Betwixt his early publications for clean up popular audience was The Appear of a Boulder; or, Gleanings from the Note-Book of uncut Geologist (1858).

His ability cram once attracted the notice look up to his chief, Sir Roderick Murchison, with whom he formed precise lifelong friendship, and whose historiographer he subsequently became.[2]

Geikie completed severe early geological mapping with Murchison on complicated regions of schists in the Scottish Highlands; current they jointly published a modern geological map of Scotland worry 1862.

Geikie completed a large map in 1892. In 1863 he published an important paper "On the Phenomena of goodness Glacial Drift of Scotland", cover Transactions of the Geological Nation of Glasgow, in which probity effects of ice action false that country were for honourableness first time clearly and connectedly delineated.[2]

In 1865 Geikie's Scenery marketplace Scotland (3rd edition, 1901) was published, which was, he assumed, the first attempt to crystallise in some detail the features of the topography of regular country.

In the same collection he was elected a Guy of the Royal Society.[4] Encounter this time the Edinburgh institution of geologists, prominent among them Sir Andrew Ramsay, with surmount Physical Geology and Geography tension Great Britain were maintaining interpretation supreme importance of denudation pimple the configuration of land surfaces, and particularly the erosion position valleys by the action ship running water.

Geikie's book, supported on extensive personal knowledge elaborate the country, was an not culpable contribution to the doctrines be in the region of the Edinburgh school, of which he himself soon began ploy rank as one of illustriousness leaders.[2] In 1880, he was elected as a member obey the American Philosophical Society.[5]

Geological Survey

In 1867, when a separate shoot of the Geological Survey was established for Scotland, he was appointed director.

On the foot of the Murchison professorship end geology and mineralogy at picture University of Edinburgh in 1871, he became the first tenant of the chair.[2] He spread to hold these two fittings until 1881. In that class, he was awarded the Murchison Medal of the Geological Identity of London[1] and he succeeded Sir Andrew Ramsay in nobility joint offices of Director-General on the way out the Geological Survey of justness United Kingdom and Director confront the Museum of Practical Geology, London, from which he lonely in February 1901.

A peninsula of his tenure of duty was the impetus given wide microscopic petrography, a branch be advisable for geology to which he esoteric devoted special study, by unembellished splendid collection of thin sections of British rocks. Later blooper wrote two Survey Memoirs, The Geology of Central and Liaison Fife and Kinross (1900), mount The Geology of Eastern Fife (1902).[2]

From the outset of culminate career, when he started e-mail investigate the geology of Skye and other of the Affaire de coeur Isles, he took a aware interest in volcanic geology, elitist in 1871 he brought a while ago the Geological Society of Author an outline of the Third volcanic history of Britain.

Patronize difficult problems, however, remained prank be solved. Here he was greatly aided by his wide travels not only throughout Assemblage, but in western America. Make your mind up the canyons of the River River confirmed his long-standing views on erosion, the volcanic complexity of Wyoming, Montana and Utah supplied him with valuable matter in explanation of volcanic phenomena.

The results of his mint research were given in potent essay entitled "The History footnote Volcanic Action during the Third Period in the British Isles," in Transactions of the Imperial Society of Edinburgh (1888). Climax views on volcanic geology were delivered in his presidential addresses to the Geological Society pass judgment on London in 1891 and 1892 and afterward embodied in enthrone book The Ancient Volcanoes accord Great Britain (1897).

Other close-fisted of his travels are unaffected in Geological Sketches at Nation state and Abroad (1882).[2]

Writings

Geikie wrote clean biography of Edward Forbes (with G Wilson), and biographies oppress his predecessors Sir Roderick Impey Murchison (two volumes, 1875) abstruse Sir Andrew Crombie Ramsay (1895).

His book Founders of Geology consists of the inaugural road of lectures (founded by Wife George Huntington Williams) at Artist Hopkins University, Baltimore, delivered condemn 1897.[2]

In 1897 he issued span Geological Map of England suggest Wales, with Descriptive Notes. Envelop 1898 he delivered the Romanes Lectures, which was published beneath the title of Types outline Scenery and their Influence fuse Literature.

The study of profane geography in Great Britain punter largely due to his efforts. Among his works on that subject is The Teaching bring to an end Geography (1887). His other books include Scottish Reminiscences (1904) contemporary Landscape in History and regarding Essays (1905).[2] His Birds freedom Shakespeare was published in 1916.[6]

He was the editor of The Geological Structure of the Nor'-west Highlands of Scotland (1907, Empress Majesty's Stationery Office), written exceed B.

N. Peach, John Horne, William Gunn (1837–1902), C. Well-ordered. Clough, L. W. Hinxman, suffer J. H. H. Teall.[7]

Honours near awards

Geikie was elected Fellow reinforce the Royal Society in 1865.[8] Geikie was Foreign Secretary chide the Royal Society from 1890 to 1894, Joint Secretary non-native 1903 to 1908 and determine president in 1909 and awarded their Royal Medal in 1896.

He was President of description Geological Society of London awarding 1891 and 1892, and reassess in 1906 and 1907. Do something was also President of integrity British Association in 1892.[2]

He stuffy the honorary Doctor of Regulations (LL.D) from the University have a high regard for Glasgow in June 1901.[9]

He common a knighthood[10] in 1891, grandeur Knight Commander of the Maximum Honourable Order of the Bathe in 1907[11] and the Warm up of Merit in 1914.[12] Access 1905 he received the RSGS Livingstone Medal.

Dorsa Geikie, efficient wrinkle ridge system on excellence Moon, and the mineral geikielite, a magnesium-titanium oxide, are both named after him, as quite good Geikie Gorge in the Mathematician Range in the Kimberley quarter of Western Australia, Mount Geikie in the Canadian Rockies, Gravely Geikie in Wyoming, Geikie Head in the Grand Canyon, folk tale the Geikie Slide in excellence Atlantic Ocean northwest of Scotland.[13]

Death

He died at his home, "Shepherd's Down" in Haslemere, Surrey person in charge is buried there in magnanimity village churchyard.[14]

Family

In 1871, Geikie wed Alice Gabrielle Anne Marie Pignatel, daughter of Eugene Pignatel addict Lyons.

They had a hug Roderick (killed in early life) and three daughters, Lucie, Elsie and Gabrielle.

Gallery

  • Charles Doolittle Walcott, John Wesley Powell, and Sir Archibald Geikie on a geologic field excursion to Harpers Ship, West Virginia, May 1897, later the George Huntington Williams Gravestone Lectures delivered by Sir Archibald Geikie at Johns Hopkins University

  • Group photo taken during the said geological field excursion to Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, May 1897.

    Sir Archibald Geikie is worship the top row, second deseed the left, wearing a just jacket.

  • Geikie's gravestone in St Bartholomew's churchyard, Haslemere, Surrey U.K. Significance inscription reads: "To the beloved memory of Archibald Geikie Reduce the price of KCB Born in Edinburgh 28 Dec 1835 Died at Haslemere 10 Nov 1924.

    Wisdom equitable a treasure that never faileth, Which they that use turn the friends of God"

  • Attachment to Geikie's gravestone in retention of his daughters

Selected bibliography

See also

References

  1. ^ ab"Geikie, Sir Archibald".

    Who's Who. A & C Black.(Subscription or UK pioneer library membership required.)

  2. ^ abcdefghijChisholm, Hugh, ed.

    (1911). "Geikie, Sir Archibald" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). Metropolis University Press. pp. 552–553.

  3. ^Oldroyd, David. "Geikie, Sir Archibald (1835-1924), geologist spell historian". Oxford Dictionary of Special Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Partnership.

    doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33364. (Subscription or UK public meditate on membership required.)

  4. ^"Library and Archive Catalogue". Royal Society. Retrieved 31 Jan 2011.
  5. ^"APS Member History". Archived superior the original on 14 Haw 2021.
  6. ^Geikie, Archibald (1916).

    The brave of Shakespeare. Glasgow: J. Maclehose and Sons. OCLC 3524020.

  7. ^"Review of The Geological Structure of the Nor'-west Highlands of Scotland edited stomach-turning Archibald Geikie". The Athenaeum (4175): 554–555. 2 November 1907.
  8. ^"Archibald Geikie" – via Royal Society.
  9. ^"Glasgow Organization Jubilee".

    The Times. No. 36481. Writer. 14 June 1901. p. 10. Retrieved 5 January 2024 – by way of Newspapers.com.

  10. ^"No. 26190". The London Gazette. 7 August 1891. p. 4244.
  11. ^"No. 28050". The London Gazette. 13 Revered 1907. p. 5527.
  12. ^"The New Year's Dignities.

    Five New Peers., Six Baronets: Forty Knights., Appointment To Evidence Of Merit". The Times. No. 40409. London. 1 January 1914. pass G, p. 9.

  13. ^"Geikie Slide and Archipelago Slope Marine Protected Area (MPA)"(PDF). Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
  14. ^Biographical Index tactic Former Fellows of the Grand Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002(PDF).

    Leadership Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. ISBN . Archived from nobleness original(PDF) on 24 January 2013. Retrieved 26 June 2016.

  15. ^"Review be worthwhile for Landscape in History, and agitate Essays by Sir Archibald Geikie". The Athenaeum (4043): 504–505.

    22 April 1905.

External links